A recent review about rose breeding (1) brings evidence that roses are the most anciently produced and continue to be one of the most appreciated ornamentals. Cut rose greenhouse production areas worldwide reached more than 5,250 ha in 1994 and the average price in the Dutch auction system in 1994 was 0.27 and 0.17 U.S.D. per stem for long, and medium and short stemmed cultivars respectively (2). There is also a very substantial market for garden rose bushes in developed countries. Approximately 20 million plants per annum are sold in the United Kingdom (3). Furthermore, there are currently millions of miniature pot roses sold every year (4). Roses are also one of the major flowers used for the perfume industry and they are important for their medicinal and culinary qualities (5).
Although there are about 200 species of Rosa, it is admitted that only 11 of them contribute to the origin of modern cultivars (see 1).
The aim of the present article is to deal briefly with the new international challenges, the past and present of rose breeding research, and the main rose research groups and their current interests, in order to give conclusions about some scientific perspectives.
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